Periodontal disease is primarily caused by plaque, a thin, colorless, sticky film containing bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These bacteria use carbohydrates (sugars and starches) to produce acid, which attacks the enamel covering the teeth. Over time, repeated acid attacks can break down the enamel and lead to cavities. If left untreated, plaque can harden into tartar, which irritates the gums and causes gum disease. This can lead to the inflammation of the gums, receding gums, and even damage to the bone structure supporting the teeth.

Yes, periodontal diseases can be prevented by protecting teeth from acid attacks. This can be achieved by removing plaque regularly, reducing the intake of sugar and starches, using fluoride treatments, applying plastic sealants to teeth, and ensuring regular professional cleanings by a dental hygienist. These steps help to maintain healthy gums and prevent the buildup of plaque that leads to gum disease.

Plaque produces harmful byproducts that irritate the gums, leading to gingivitis, which is the early stage of periodontal disease. If plaque is not removed daily, it hardens into a deposit called calculus. As plaque continues to form on top of the calculus, it can further irritate the gums, causing pockets to form between the teeth and gums. Over time, the buildup of plaque and tartar can damage the gums and the bone structure that supports the teeth, eventually leading to tooth loss.

While plaque attacks can’t be completely stopped, you can prevent plaque buildup by following a consistent oral care routine, which includes brushing, flossing, rinsing, and visiting your dental hygienist regularly. Two key factors in preventing dental issues caused by plaque, such as cavities, are fluoride and dental sealants. Fluoride, naturally found in soil, water, and many foods, helps strengthen tooth enamel and resist decay, while dental sealants provide an additional protective layer to prevent plaque from forming on the surfaces of the teeth.

he American Dental Association (ADA) recommends brushing your teeth twice a day. While research suggests that brushing once a day may be sufficient to disrupt plaque buildup, it might not be enough for everyone. Factors like diet and brushing technique play a role in maintaining oral health. It’s best to discuss your specific needs with your dental hygienist, who can provide personalized advice based on your oral health.